| 翻訳と辞書 |
Wei Yan
}}
Wei Yan (died 234),〔de Crespigny (2007), p. 857.〕 courtesy name Wenchang, was a military general of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period. Originally a foot soldier under the warlord Liu Bei (the founding emperor of Shu), Wei Yan rose through the ranks and became a general when Liu Bei invaded Yi Province (益州; covering present-day Sichuan and Chongqing) in 211.〔de Crespigny 2007, p.857.〕 His talent and performance during battles helped him to become a prominent figure in the Shu military in a short period of time. He was later appointed as the Administrator of Hanzhong commandery〔This post had previously been held by Lu Su. See Passage G of Jian'an 15 in the Zizhi tongjian of Sima Guang; .〕 and as an Area Commander in 219.〔 Between 228 and 234, he participated actively in the Northern Expeditions led by the Shu chancellor Zhuge Liang against Shu's rival state, Cao Wei. After Zhuge Liang's death in 234, Wei Yan was killed by another Shu general, Ma Dai, for alleged treason.
==Early and mid-career==
Wei Yan was from Yiyang commandery (義陽郡; around present-day Tongbai County, Nanyang, Henan) in Jing Province. As one of Liu Bei's personal retainers, he followed Liu Bei into Yi Province (covering present-day Sichuan and Chongqing) in 212 to attack the warlord Liu Zhang. He had many military accomplishments and was assigned as a "General of the Standard" (牙門將軍). When Liu Bei became "King of Hanzhong" in 219 after his victory over his rival Cao Cao in the Hanzhong Campaign, he selected Wei Yan as the general who would guard Hanzhong and then honoured him with the title "General Who Suppresses the North" (鎮北將軍). This was despite Zhang Fei being considered by the majority and himself to be the likely candidate for the position, which assumed the imminent military responsibility to resist invasion from Cao Cao. When Wei Yan was nominated by Liu Bei, the court was shocked. Liu Bei then asked Wei Yan in front of the mass how would he serve his new post, wherein Wei confidently replied, "If Cao Cao mustered all his forces and invaded, let me assist my lord to repel the enemies; if an Assistant-General came with 100,000 troops, let me engulf them for my lord."〔(魏延字文長，義陽人也。以部曲隨先主入蜀，數有戰功，遷牙門將軍。先主為漢中王，遷治成都，當得重將以鎮漢川，衆論以為必在張飛，飛亦以心自許。先主乃拔延為督漢中鎮遠將軍，領漢中太守，一軍盡驚。先主大會羣臣，問延曰：「今委卿以重任，卿居之欲云何？」延對曰：「若曹操舉天下而來，請為大王拒之；偏將十萬之衆至，請為大王吞之。」先主稱善，衆咸壯其言。先主踐尊號，進拜鎮北將軍。) ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 40.〕 During his tenure, Wei Yan borrowed the concept of "double gates" from the ancient text ''Zhou Yi'' (周易) and laid numerous camps along the outskirt and trail exits linking to Hanzhong. His defence mechanism was very effective in driving the enemy out, and his arrangement would be adopted by those who later succeeded his post.
In 221, Liu Bei founded the state of Shu Han and became its first emperor. He died in 223 and was succeeded by his son, Liu Shan. In that year, Wei Yan was enfeoffed by Liu Shan as a "Marquis of a Chief Village" (都亭侯). About four years later, Shu's chancellor Zhuge Liang launched the first of a series of campaigns to attack Shu's rival state Cao Wei, and Wei Yan was called into battle. Wei Yan supervised the front division, and he held the appointments of Major under the Chancellor (丞相司馬) and Inspector of Liang Province (涼州刺史).〔(建興元年，封都亭侯。 ... 五年，諸葛亮駐漢中，更以延為督前部，領丞相司馬、涼州刺史， ...) ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 40.〕 Wei Yan treated his soldiers well and was known for his bravery. However, he was also boastful of his talents and his peers tended to avoid him. The minister Yang Yi, who was a close aide of Zhuge Liang, made no concession to Wei Yan, and Wei was extremely resentful of him.〔(延旣善養士卒，勇猛過人，又性矜高，當時皆避下之。唯楊儀不假借延，延以為至忿，有如水火。) ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 40.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Wei Yan」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|